An Internet Service Provider (ISP) provides access to the Internet. Whether you have an Internet connection at home or work, every time you connect to the Internet, your connection is routed through an ISP.
In early years people connected to ISP using dial-up modems at speeds up to 56Kbps. Later on new technologies brought us DSL, Cable modems and fiber optic cables increasing the connection speed to multiple times of that of dial-up modems. Nowadays people can enjoy connections up to 100Mbps at their homes.
To connect to an ISP, you need a modem and an active account (usually this is a paid service). When you connect a modem to the telephone or cable outlet in your house, it communicates with your ISP. Once connected your account is verified and your modem is assigned a unique IP address. Once you have an IP address, you are connected to the Internet.